First published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
| Title | : | Neighborhood Context and the Development of African American Children |
| Author | : | Maria Loreto Martinez |
| Language | : | en |
| Rating | : | 4.90 out of 5 stars |
| Type | : | PDF, ePub, Kindle |
| Uploaded | : | Apr 07, 2021 |
Read Neighborhood Context and the Development of African American Children - Maria Loreto Martinez | ePub
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Conclusions: neighborhood context appears to be modestly associated with the sexual initiation of adolescents. However, little support was found for neighborhood influence on contraceptive use, suggesting that other factors may play a more important role in shaping adolescents' contraceptive behaviors.
Neighborhood social context and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures associated with child cognitive test scores j child fam stud 2014 jul 1;23(5):785-799.
Kubrin and stewart (2006: 167), in their study of the effects of neighborhood context on adult recidivism, describe this important, yet overlooked area of investigation when noting that:neighborhood context is fundamental to our understanding of why individuals offend, and potentially even more important for understanding why former offenders offend again, yet we know very little about how the ecological characteristics of communities influence the recidivism rates of this population.
Social context explains arrest disparities across all types of demographic groupings. At the neighborhood level, this study examines whether the law is more likely to be invoked in one neighborhood versus another, given that not all crimes lead to an arrest. The foregoing discussions lead to three hypotheses that the present study explores.
Since our primary goal was to evaluate whether within‐stand spatial context mediates mpb‐induced lodgepole pine mortality, we evaluated the fit of our model against the fit of models (1) excluding neighborhood covariates, (2) excluding the random spatial effect, and (3) excluding both neighborhood covariates and the random spatial effect.
T1 - the effects of police contact and neighborhood context on delinquency and violence. N2 - the authors examine both main effects and cross-level effects of prior criminal justice contact on delinquency and violence.
Environmental design and neighborhood context: a multi-level analysis of crime at apartments in cincinnati neighborhoods. The present study examines the role of opportunity on crime counts within the multicontextual opportunity theoretical framework. We used weighted multilevel regression modeling of site observation data from a cincinnati-based sample of 1003 apartments nested within 228 census block groups.
In addition, neighborhood context reduces the negative effect of african-american status on satisfaction with police when a sparse citizen-level specification is used; racial variation in satisfaction with police persists, however, when citizen-level hierarchical models are specified more fully.
Aug 11, 2005 this paper analyzes whether neighborhood context or environment in seattle influences dimensions of social ties among neighbors,.
The neighborhood context section presents issues and opportunities with analysis and information on the past and present conditions of the area.
Neighborhood context is defined as a function of numerous variables selected from physical, operational, socio-economic, environmental, and institutional points of views.
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The goal of this project is to understand how neighborhood characteristics contribute to probation failures.
Abstract this paper extends the search for neighborhood contextual effects to residential mobility. We propose that neighborhood consists of subjective and objective domains, both of which are crosscut by substantive (social/physical) and temporal (current/change) dimensions.
Apr 8, 2014 associations between neighborhood context and negative life events were also found to vary by event type.
While multiple studies have shown that household socioeconomic status affects a child’s cognitive development, less is known about the effect of the broader neighborhood context. By revealing a role that the neighborhood environment may play in shaping brain development, research findings can inform interventions aimed at improving outcomes.
Data to develop measures of neighborhood context that could differentiate between what appear to be homogeneously socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods are needed. 11 for example, recent studies that have incorporated measures of social support15, 16 and violent crime24, 16 have demonstrated the usefulness of the inclusion of a more varied set of neighborhood measures in the analyses of reproductive outcomes. Potentially useful, but largely untapped, sources of neighborhood-level.
Explanations of police coercion have been traditionally embedded within sociological, psychological, and organizational theoretical frameworks. Largely absent from the research are examinations exploring the role of neighborhood context on police use-of-force practices.
This study suggests that past claims for the importance of neighborhood context in the development of educational aspirations may have been overstated.
Perspectives from community-based doulas and mothers: neighborhood context and pregnancy.
A number of researchers have hypothesized that neighborhood context may influence police behavior. Cities were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses of five measures of police behavior and eleven neighborhood characteristics to test the neighborhood context hypothesis.
Neighborhood context is a significant predictor of functional limitation and moderates the association between chronic conditions and functional limitations. Health plans and public health officials could use publicly available indicators such as the adi to target interventions to reduce functional impairment.
Jul 10, 2020 abstract this article examines the importance of neighborhoods in shaping judicial processing and racial/ethnic disparities in court outcomes.
The neighborhood contexts are distinguished from one another by their physical and functional characteristics including but not limited to: street, alley and block patterns.
This study examines the role of neighborhood context in the accumulation of biological risk factors and racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities.
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Context media is a news and information company that produces and distributes documentaries, in depth interviews, and multimedia content.
A new generation of neighborhood-level research has emerged in recent years to address the question of why so many health-related outcomes are concentrated ecologically. This chapter highlights the implications of such research for our knowledge about the community-level context of public health and safety.
The neighborhood context of well-being s53 abstract health-related problems are strongly associated with the social char-acteristics of communities and neighborhoods. We need to treat community contexts as important units of analysis in their own right,which in turn calls for new measure-.
Recent research has narrowed focus to the neighborhood context, emphasizing how localized structural disadvantage affects community‐level cohesion and social capital. In this paper, we argue that neighborhood context also shapes social ties with friends and family—particularly for community‐dwelling seniors.
Abstract a growing body of literature has documented a link between neighborhood context and health outcomes. However, little is known about the relationship between neighborhood context and body mass index (bmi) or whether the association between neighborhood context and bmi differs by ethnicity.
Neighborhood context: offenders residing in work release housing, transitional housing, and treatment facilities were more likely to have their parole revoked than those living in private housing, and those living in work release housing were less likely to be rearrested.
Jaffee this study investigated individual and neighborhood factors associated with late entry into prenatal care. Data from 220,694 new york city birth certificates were linked with data from the 1990 census and other secondary sources to determine the effect.
Residential neighborhoods are increasingly recognized as important determinants of cardiovascular outcomes; thus, the environmental context of individuals should also be considered. 11 neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage in particular has been consistently linked to cvd risk factors, as well as incident cvd and cvd mortality, driving a large degree of the association between residential environment and cvd outcomes. 12,13 yet, emerging data suggest that certain residential contexts.
Neighborhood context is defined as a function of numerous variables selected from physical, operational, socio-economic, environmental, and institutional points of views. To demonstrate the diversity of possible contextual outcomes, a series of cases studies are performed only on one of the variables in macro and micro levels.
Aug 30, 2020 neighborhood context (disorder, leisure opportunities, perceived safety) mainly shapes offending.
Many studies have focused on new media's role in connecting interest-based communities across vast geographic distances; fewer studies have examined how viable social media is as a communication tool within the neighborhood context. This study investigates the ways in which established modes of place-based neighborhood association, connection, and communication coincide or conflict with the perceived affordances of connection and association available in social networking sites.
Neighborhoods make our racial identities salient, and neighborhood context plays a role in how we understand attitudes associated with race, and our perceptions of racial conflict and competition. The implication is that racial identity means different things in different neighborhoods.
Data from 220,694 new york city birth certificates were linked with data from the 1990 census and other secondary sources to determine the effect of women's individual characteristics and their neighborhood context on timing of prenatal care entry. Results indicate that 15 percent of new york city's pregnant women entered prenatal care late and that residence in a distressed urban neighborhood significantly increased the risk of late initiation, even in a model controlling for individual.
Sep 1, 2005 neighborhood context appears to be modestly associated with the sexual initiation of adolescents.
This paper extends the search for neighborhood contextual effects to residential mobility. We propose that neighborhood consists of subjective and objective domains, both of which are crosscut by substantive (social/physical) and temporal (current/change) dimensions. Measures of neighborhood characteristics consistent with our conceptualization are used to estimate the impact of context on mobility thoughts and on actual mobility in a sample of nashville residents.
Context the selection, organization, and expression of building and open space uses should contribute to the overall neighborhood program composition by promoting desirable uses and reducing the impact of undesirable uses. Proposed uses should reflect and enhance existing desirable neighborhood uses and previous plan recommendations.
Petersburg, florida, this research examines the influence of neighborhood context on the level of force police exercise during police-suspect encounters using.
Although a few scholars previously speculated on the relationship between neighborhood context and police behavior (westley 1953; whyte 1943), it was not until the 1960s when researchers began to seriously con-sider the issue.
Neighborhood context the types of variations in resources and health detracting from soc 110 at saint louis university.
Also, many studies have observed “victim-offender overlap,” meaning that the victims and offenders of violent crime are often members of the same social network, and neighborhood context such as street culture might influence this phenomenon. 35 one study found that in boston, about 85 percent of gunshot injuries occur within a single network of people representing less than 6 percent of the city’s total population. 36 drawing on an array of research on networks, papachristos argues.
Apr 1, 2013 the neighborhood context of homelessness from baseline homeless locations to better or worse neighborhoods? we could only explore.
A growing literature indicates the importance of residential neighborhood context for disease risk, 1 including the incidence and prevalence of many common risk factors for chronic kidney disease (ckd). Lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (ses) is associated with higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.
Abstract: quality of life in urban areas is strongly linked to land use and land cover, in part because green vegetation mitigates much of the negative.
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